Who typically is not protected by recording statutes against prior unrecorded conveyances?

Judgment creditors typically are not protected by recording statutes against prior unrecorded conveyances because their interests often arise from judicial proceedings rather than from voluntary conveyances like those in property transactions. Recording statutes are designed to protect certain interests in real property by providing public notice of those interests, allowing potential buyers or lenders to verify the status of a property.

In contrast, mortgage lenders, purchasers, and leaseholders have their interests created through transactions that follow common property law principles. Mortgage lenders typically secure their interests through the recording of their mortgage, which protects them against subsequent claims. Purchasers, especially those who acquire property for value, are protected when they record their deed, safeguarding them against prior unrecorded interests. Leaseholders can also benefit from recording statutes, as their leases, when properly recorded, can protect against claims by subsequent purchasers or creditors.

Judgment creditors may have a lien on a debtor's property after securing a court judgment, but without proper recording, their interests in the property may not take precedence over previously unrecorded interests held by others. Therefore, their lack of protection under recording statutes positions them distinctively from the other groups mentioned.